Reinforcing means for concrete structures



W. GOLDIE.

REINFORCING MEANS FOR CONCRETE STRUCTURES.

APPLTCATION FILED JULY 10,1918.

1,344,942. I Patented June 29, 1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

INVENTOR I8 a rm w k W. GOLDIE.

REINFORCING MEANS FOR CONCRETE STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 10.1918.

1, 344,942. Patented June 29, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR 72 MJQMQ WILLiAM GOLDIE, 0F WILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

RniNFoRcING MEANS FOR CONCRETE STRUCTU ES.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, WILLIAM GoLDIn, a citizenof the United States, andresident of VVilkinsburg, in the countyof Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in ReinforcingMeans for Concrete Structures; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to reinforcing'structures for concrete, and isparticularly concerned with a structure ",ofthis character which isadapted to reinforce the concrete against coni'pressibn or tensionstrains coming in either direction vertically to theplane of thestrr'icture; for example, in ship construction, it is obvious that thestrains upon the ships bottom or sidesmay be at one time exerted fromthe outside and at other times from'the inside of the ship, or there maybe certain strains on the vessel caused by action of the sea. againstthe outside; Whereas, on the other hand, the bottomi'and sides of the,shipirequiretoi resist load strains or other expansion strains exertedfrom the interior of the ship. y

However, it is to be understood that the inventionis not aloneapplicable to ship construction, but may be used in any relation Whereresistance or reinforcing against'varyin-g strains having varying pointsof application is to be assured. I c c j p In one of its main asp'ects'the invention contemplates the placing or pjositioning of thereinforcing members near the opposite surfaces of the reinforced Wallorsltructure, respectively. T he invention further contemplates theintimate securing together of these separate reinforcing frames, well.as the definite spacing apart of the same. The connecting and spacingmembers also form reinforcing members for the concrete, and

. serve as further interlocking engaging means With the concrete, sothat When the concrete is molded to the reinforcing structure, it willbe intimately interlocked and connected therewith at a' great number ofpoints sufliciently separated to permitthe formation of more or lessextensive masses of concrete uniting the masses of concrete lying Withinand around the reinforcing structure.

With these objects in'vie'iv, the invention consists in a constructionand arrangement of parts, a preferred embodiment of which Specificationof Letters Patent. c Patented Ju e 1920 Application filed July 10, 1918.Serial N6. 244,237.

is illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

inwhich Figure is a fragmentary plan View of a sectlon of one of thereinforcing frames F ig. 2 is a sectional View on the line" 22, Fig.1,;[Fig. 3 is a sectional viewv on the line 3-3;, Fig. 1; Figs. 4 and 5illustrate in perspectlve modified forms of spanner members extendingbetween thetvvo frames;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the wedge or spacing members;Fig; 7 is a View similar to F igQ 2, showing a. modified form of spannermember, extending between the frames; F ig, 8 is a vieWof parts shown inF 1g. 7, taken on a section transversely to said figure; Fig. 9illustrates a further modification of the spanner member;.and Fig. 10 isa; perspective detail view of this modified spanner member.

'In the einbodiment of my invention, as illustrated in F igsil and 2,the main reinforcing members are rods 1, Which consist of a Web 1 andthe flanges 3 extendin later ally from top to bottom of said Web. Theseflanges 3, as shown in section in Fig. 2 form preferably dovetailedrecesses or groovesextending along. thefsides of the reinforcing bars 1.It w ll be obvious from an 1nspec tion of this form of reinforcingba'rth'at it possesses great strength for thefnini'mum amount of metalin cross section. In other Consequently, these transverse members alsopresent laterally opening grooves between theupper and lower flanges 5,which serve to interlock the concrete intimately therewith. Thesechannel members may be secured together by means of rivets 6 ,if' desired, but it is to be understood that the main object of thus placingthe channel members back to back, as shown, is to pre-f vent engagementof the concrete With the smooth vertical Walls of the bottom edgestood',-however, thatthe form and construcof th'ese channel members. Itis tobe undertion of this transverse reinforcing member may be varied indifferent ways, namely, it may consist of a T-bar, or it may be rolledin one unitary structure presenting the channels on either side.

- However, one of the main featuresof my invention is more clearlyillustrated in Figs. 2, 3, 7 and 8. This is the fact that thereinforcing structure, taken as a whole, consists of two distinctandseparate frames, each frame comprising the main frame members 1, andthe transverse frame mem bers 2 intimately and rigidly secured to themain members. These two separate and distinct reinforcing frames areheld spaced apart by means of intermediate uniting and spacing members,to be described, so that, as indicated in Fig. 2 of the drawing, theupper reinforcing frame shown therein lies just within the upper surface7 of the surrounding concrete mass 8, whereas the lower frame lies justwithin the lower surface 9 of this concretemass. The'result of thisconstruction and arrangement is that the reinforcing effect of each ofthese spaced frames is exerted at and within the critical planes of thereinforced concrete structure as a whole, to effectivelyresist bendingor other strains directed against the opposite 1 surfaces of thestructure, respectively, for

example, if in the structure illustrated in Fig. 2 the load straifls beexerted from above, the upper reinforcing frame becomes a compressionresisting member, whereas, the lower frame becomes an expansionresisting member, and when the bending force [isdirected against thebottom of the reinforcing structure illustrated in Fig. 2, the lowerremforcing framebecomes the compression resisting member, whereas, theupper reinforcing member becomes the expanlimited distance apart,limited by the length of the spanner members 10. One of these spannermembers is illustrated in perspective'in Fig. 1, and as there shown, itsbody portion is provided with an opening 12 to facilitate the flow ofthe concrete through and around the spanner member. ,A modilied form ofthis spanner member is illustrated'in Fig. 5, and consists of the bodyportion 13 and the end flange 14, but in this case the body portion isreinforced by'the presenceof a bent beam 15 extending longitudinally ofsaid spanner member and formed by bending up the center of the blankwhich forms the spanner member. Then the flanges 14 may be formed bybending downthe'ends of the laterally extending portions of the bodypart of the spanner to form the hooks for engagement with the flanges 3of the main frame members 1.

In conjunction with these spanner members 10 and 13, .I, also employexpanding wedges such as 16, see Figs. 2, 3 and 6.

These wedge members comprise a bent blank, which, when formed, has itslegs spread apart. A'curved depressionlzis formed at the junction of thelegsfor engagement with the curved face of the frame members 1, and theends of the legs of this wedge member are provided with curved de.PI'GSSlODS 18 for engaging the curved face of the frame member with themain frame members of the opposite'frame. By placing these wedge membersbetween the main frame members, as shownin Figs. 2 and 3, and thenforcing the legs of the wedge member together, I provide a veryeffective spacing or expanding member between the two frames whichcooperate with the spanner members 10 to hold the frames rigidly at apredetermined distance apart.

In Figs. 7 to 10, inclusive, of the drawings I show a modified form of acombined spacing and spanner member to' be used between the main framemembers. In this case, the

framework again comprises the main frame members 1 and the transverseframe members 2, such as illustrated and described heretofore. WVhereas,the combined spacer and spanner member consists, as shown in perspectivein Fig. 10, of a body or base member 19, having the curved ends 20adapted to engage between the opposite curved faces of the main framemembers 1,

and extending laterally from this body member 19 are the legs orarms 21,which, as shown in Figs. 7 to 9, inclusive, ma be bent about or curvedaround the outer aces of the main frame members and, if desired, theends of these legs may be bent beneath the flanges 3 shown at 22, Figs.7 and 9. 7

It will be seen, therefore, that this combined form of spanner andwedge'member serves both as a spacing member to hold the main framesdefinitely spaced apart and also a binding or spanner member to bind theframes one to the other. These combined spanner and spacing members maybe provided in their body portions with apertures or openings 23 topermit of free flow of the concrete around these parts and to interlockthe concrete firmly and inti mately therewith. V 7

While I have herein described particular embodiments of my invention andhave specified a particular construction and ar rangement of parts,'lit'is to be understood that the invention may be altered in details ofconstruction and arrangement Within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a concrete reinforcing structure,the combination with a pluralityof reinforcing frames, eachconsisting of main and auxiliary reinforcingmembers, said members presenting laterally extending flanges, means forholding said frames spaced apart at a predetermined distance, said meansconsisting of spanner members for limiting the distance apart of theframes, wedging or expander members interposed between the frames forWedging said members apart within the limits of said spanner members. 2.In a concrete reinforcing structure, the combination with a plurality ofreinforcing frames, each comprising substantially parallel channelmembers and transversely arranged reinforcing members rigidly engagedtherewith, of holding means for holding said frames spaced apart at apredetermined distance, said means comprising members having hooks orflanges adapted to engage the flanges of the opposite Wedge said framesapart within the limits permitted byrsaid holding members.

3. In a concrete reinforcing structure, the combination with a pluralityof reinforcing frames,'each comprising substantially parallel channelmembers and transversely arranged reinforcing members rigidly engagedtherewith, of a plurality of holding members having hook or flange endsadapted to span said frames and engage over the adjacent flanges of saidchannel members to limit the spacing apart of said frames, and aplurality of expansible braces adapted to be expanded between saidframes to bind the same rigidly in engagement with said holding members.i

In testimony whereof I, the said WVILLIAM GOLDIE, have hereunto set myhand.

' WILLIAM GOLDIE. Witnesses:

J OHN F. WILL, J. R. KELLER.

